source

---
name: Apple
description:
  Cinematic minimalism alternating pure black and light gray sections with SF
  Pro typography and a single Apple Blue accent.
originalFonts:
  primary: "SF Pro Display"
  fallbacks:
    - "SF Pro Icons"
    - "Helvetica Neue"
    - "Helvetica"
    - "Arial"
    - "sans-serif"
colors:
  background: "#ffffff"
  surface: "#f5f5f7"
  surface-raised: "#1d1d1f"
  ink: "#1d1d1f"
  ink-muted: "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)"
  accent: "#0071e3"
  accent-alt: "#0066cc"
  border: "rgba(0,0,0,0.04)"
  link: "#0066cc"
  pure-black: "#000000"
  light-gray: "#f5f5f7"
  near-black: "#1d1d1f"
  apple-blue: "#0071e3"
  link-blue: "#0066cc"
  bright-blue: "#2997ff"
  white: "#ffffff"
  black-80: "rgba(0,0,0,0.8)"
  black-48: "rgba(0,0,0,0.48)"
  dark-surface-1: "#272729"
  dark-surface-2: "#262628"
  dark-surface-3: "#28282a"
  dark-surface-4: "#2a2a2d"
  dark-surface-5: "#242426"
  button-active: "#ededf2"
  button-default-light: "#fafafc"
  overlay: "rgba(210,210,215,0.64)"
typography:
  h1:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "3.5rem"
    weight: 600
    lineHeight: 1.07
  h2:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "2.5rem"
    weight: 600
    lineHeight: 1.1
  h3:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "1.75rem"
    weight: 400
    lineHeight: 1.14
  body:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "1.06rem"
    weight: 400
    lineHeight: 1.47
  button:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "1.06rem"
    weight: 400
    lineHeight: 1
  caption:
    family: "Inter"
    size: "0.88rem"
    weight: 400
    lineHeight: 1.29
spacing:
  xs: "0.25rem"
  sm: "0.5rem"
  md: "0.875rem"
  lg: "1.25rem"
  xl: "1.5rem"
rounded:
  sm: "5px"
  md: "8px"
  lg: "12px"
  xl: "980px"
shadows:
  sm: "none"
  md: "rgba(0,0,0,0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px"
  lg: "rgba(0,0,0,0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px"
components:
  button-primary:
    background: "{colors.accent}"
    color: "#ffffff"
    border: "1px solid transparent"
    radius: "{rounded.md}"
    padding: "8px 15px"
  button-secondary:
    background: "transparent"
    color: "{colors.link}"
    border: "1px solid {colors.link}"
    radius: "{rounded.xl}"
    padding: "8px 15px"
  card:
    background: "{colors.surface}"
    border: "none"
    radius: "{rounded.md}"
    padding: "1.5rem"
  input:
    background: "{colors.button-default-light}"
    color: "{colors.ink-muted}"
    border: "3px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.04)"
    radius: "11px"
    padding: "0 14px"
---

<!-- source: VoltAgent/awesome-design-md @ 80bbbc2 (MIT) — see ATTRIBUTION.md -->

# Design System Inspiration of Apple

## 1. Visual Theme & Atmosphere

Apple's website is a masterclass in controlled drama — vast expanses of pure
black and near-white serve as cinematic backdrops for products that are
photographed as if they were sculptures in a gallery. The design philosophy is
reductive to its core: every pixel exists in service of the product, and the
interface itself retreats until it becomes invisible. This is not minimalism as
aesthetic preference; it is minimalism as reverence for the object.

The typography anchors everything. San Francisco (SF Pro Display for large
sizes, SF Pro Text for body) is Apple's proprietary typeface, engineered with
optical sizing that automatically adjusts letterforms depending on point size.
At display sizes (56px), weight 600 with a tight line-height of 1.07 and subtle
negative letter-spacing (-0.28px) creates headlines that feel machined rather
than typeset — precise, confident, and unapologetically direct. At body sizes
(17px), the tracking loosens slightly (-0.374px) and line-height opens to 1.47,
creating a reading rhythm that is comfortable without ever feeling slack.

The color story is starkly binary. Product sections alternate between pure black
(`#000000`) backgrounds with white text and light gray (`#f5f5f7`) backgrounds
with near-black text (`#1d1d1f`). This creates a cinematic pacing — dark
sections feel immersive and premium, light sections feel open and informational.
The only chromatic accent is Apple Blue (`#0071e3`), reserved exclusively for
interactive elements: links, buttons, and focus states. This singular accent
color in a sea of neutrals gives every clickable element unmistakable
visibility.

**Key Characteristics:**

- SF Pro Display/Text with optical sizing — letterforms adapt automatically to
  size context
- Binary light/dark section rhythm: black (`#000000`) alternating with light
  gray (`#f5f5f7`)
- Single accent color: Apple Blue (`#0071e3`) reserved exclusively for
  interactive elements
- Product-as-hero photography on solid color fields — no gradients, no textures,
  no distractions
- Extremely tight headline line-heights (1.07-1.14) creating compressed,
  billboard-like impact
- Full-width section layout with centered content — the viewport IS the canvas
- Pill-shaped CTAs (980px radius) creating soft, approachable action buttons
- Generous whitespace between sections allowing each product moment to breathe

## 2. Color Palette & Roles

### Primary

- **Pure Black** (`#000000`): Hero section backgrounds, immersive product
  showcases. The darkest canvas for the brightest products.
- **Light Gray** (`#f5f5f7`): Alternate section backgrounds, informational
  areas. Not white — the slight blue-gray tint prevents sterility.
- **Near Black** (`#1d1d1f`): Primary text on light backgrounds, dark button
  fills. Slightly warmer than pure black for comfortable reading.

### Interactive

- **Apple Blue** (`#0071e3`): `--sk-focus-color`, primary CTA backgrounds, focus
  rings. The ONLY chromatic color in the interface.
- **Link Blue** (`#0066cc`): `--sk-body-link-color`, inline text links. Slightly
  darker than Apple Blue for text-level readability.
- **Bright Blue** (`#2997ff`): Links on dark backgrounds. Higher luminance for
  contrast on black sections.

### Text

- **White** (`#ffffff`): Text on dark backgrounds, button text on blue/dark
  CTAs.
- **Near Black** (`#1d1d1f`): Primary body text on light backgrounds.
- **Black 80%** (`rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)`): Secondary text, nav items on light
  backgrounds. Slightly softened.
- **Black 48%** (`rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.48)`): Tertiary text, disabled states,
  carousel controls.

### Surface & Dark Variants

- **Dark Surface 1** (`#272729`): Card backgrounds in dark sections.
- **Dark Surface 2** (`#262628`): Subtle surface variation in dark contexts.
- **Dark Surface 3** (`#28282a`): Elevated cards on dark backgrounds.
- **Dark Surface 4** (`#2a2a2d`): Highest dark surface elevation.
- **Dark Surface 5** (`#242426`): Deepest dark surface tone.

### Button States

- **Button Active** (`#ededf2`): Active/pressed state for light buttons.
- **Button Default Light** (`#fafafc`): Search/filter button backgrounds.
- **Overlay** (`rgba(210, 210, 215, 0.64)`): Media control scrims, overlays.
- **White 32%** (`rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.32)`): Hover state on dark modal close
  buttons.

### Shadows

- **Card Shadow** (`rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px`): Soft, diffused
  elevation for product cards. Offset and wide blur create a natural,
  photographic shadow.

## 3. Typography Rules

### Font Family

- **Display**: `SF Pro Display`, with fallbacks:
  `SF Pro Icons, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif`
- **Body**: `SF Pro Text`, with fallbacks:
  `SF Pro Icons, Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif`
- SF Pro Display is used at 20px and above; SF Pro Text is optimized for 19px
  and below.

### Hierarchy

| Role            | Font           | Size           | Weight | Line Height    | Letter Spacing | Notes                                    |
| --------------- | -------------- | -------------- | ------ | -------------- | -------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Display Hero    | SF Pro Display | 56px (3.50rem) | 600    | 1.07 (tight)   | -0.28px        | Product launch headlines, maximum impact |
| Section Heading | SF Pro Display | 40px (2.50rem) | 600    | 1.10 (tight)   | normal         | Feature section titles                   |
| Tile Heading    | SF Pro Display | 28px (1.75rem) | 400    | 1.14 (tight)   | 0.196px        | Product tile headlines                   |
| Card Title      | SF Pro Display | 21px (1.31rem) | 700    | 1.19 (tight)   | 0.231px        | Bold card headings                       |
| Sub-heading     | SF Pro Display | 21px (1.31rem) | 400    | 1.19 (tight)   | 0.231px        | Regular card headings                    |
| Nav Heading     | SF Pro Text    | 34px (2.13rem) | 600    | 1.47           | -0.374px       | Large navigation headings                |
| Sub-nav         | SF Pro Text    | 24px (1.50rem) | 300    | 1.50           | normal         | Light sub-navigation text                |
| Body            | SF Pro Text    | 17px (1.06rem) | 400    | 1.47           | -0.374px       | Standard reading text                    |
| Body Emphasis   | SF Pro Text    | 17px (1.06rem) | 600    | 1.24 (tight)   | -0.374px       | Emphasized body text, labels             |
| Button Large    | SF Pro Text    | 18px (1.13rem) | 300    | 1.00 (tight)   | normal         | Large button text, light weight          |
| Button          | SF Pro Text    | 17px (1.06rem) | 400    | 2.41 (relaxed) | normal         | Standard button text                     |
| Link            | SF Pro Text    | 14px (0.88rem) | 400    | 1.43           | -0.224px       | Body links, "Learn more"                 |
| Caption         | SF Pro Text    | 14px (0.88rem) | 400    | 1.29 (tight)   | -0.224px       | Secondary text, descriptions             |
| Caption Bold    | SF Pro Text    | 14px (0.88rem) | 600    | 1.29 (tight)   | -0.224px       | Emphasized captions                      |
| Micro           | SF Pro Text    | 12px (0.75rem) | 400    | 1.33           | -0.12px        | Fine print, footnotes                    |
| Micro Bold      | SF Pro Text    | 12px (0.75rem) | 600    | 1.33           | -0.12px        | Bold fine print                          |
| Nano            | SF Pro Text    | 10px (0.63rem) | 400    | 1.47           | -0.08px        | Legal text, smallest size                |

### Principles

- **Optical sizing as philosophy**: SF Pro automatically switches between
  Display and Text optical sizes. Display versions have wider letter spacing and
  thinner strokes optimized for large sizes; Text versions are tighter and
  sturdier for small sizes. This means the font literally changes its DNA based
  on context.
- **Weight restraint**: The scale spans 300 (light) to 700 (bold) but most text
  lives at 400 (regular) and 600 (semibold). Weight 300 appears only on large
  decorative text. Weight 700 is rare, used only for bold card titles.
- **Negative tracking at all sizes**: Unlike most systems that only track
  headlines, Apple applies subtle negative letter-spacing even at body sizes
  (-0.374px at 17px, -0.224px at 14px, -0.12px at 12px). This creates
  universally tight, efficient text.
- **Extreme line-height range**: Headlines compress to 1.07 while body text
  opens to 1.47, and some button contexts stretch to 2.41. This dramatic range
  creates clear visual hierarchy through rhythm alone.

## 4. Component Stylings

### Buttons

**Primary Blue (CTA)**

- Background: `#0071e3` (Apple Blue)
- Text: `#ffffff`
- Padding: 8px 15px
- Radius: 8px
- Border: 1px solid transparent
- Font: SF Pro Text, 17px, weight 400
- Hover: background brightens slightly
- Active: `#ededf2` background shift
- Focus: `2px solid var(--sk-focus-color, #0071E3)` outline
- Use: Primary call-to-action ("Buy", "Shop iPhone")

**Primary Dark**

- Background: `#1d1d1f`
- Text: `#ffffff`
- Padding: 8px 15px
- Radius: 8px
- Font: SF Pro Text, 17px, weight 400
- Use: Secondary CTA, dark variant

**Pill Link (Learn More / Shop)**

- Background: transparent
- Text: `#0066cc` (light bg) or `#2997ff` (dark bg)
- Radius: 980px (full pill)
- Border: 1px solid `#0066cc`
- Font: SF Pro Text, 14px-17px
- Hover: underline decoration
- Use: "Learn more" and "Shop" links — the signature Apple inline CTA

**Filter / Search Button**

- Background: `#fafafc`
- Text: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)`
- Padding: 0px 14px
- Radius: 11px
- Border: 3px solid `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.04)`
- Focus: `2px solid var(--sk-focus-color, #0071E3)` outline
- Use: Search bars, filter controls

**Media Control**

- Background: `rgba(210, 210, 215, 0.64)`
- Text: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.48)`
- Radius: 50% (circular)
- Active: scale(0.9), background shifts
- Focus: `2px solid var(--sk-focus-color, #0071e3)` outline, white bg, black
  text
- Use: Play/pause, carousel arrows

### Cards & Containers

- Background: `#f5f5f7` (light) or `#272729`-`#2a2a2d` (dark)
- Border: none (borders are rare in Apple's system)
- Radius: 5px-8px
- Shadow: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px` for elevated product cards
- Content: centered, generous padding
- Hover: no standard hover state — cards are static, links within them are
  interactive

### Navigation

- Background: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)` (translucent dark) with
  `backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px)`
- Height: 48px (compact)
- Text: `#ffffff` at 12px, weight 400
- Active: underline on hover
- Logo: Apple logomark (SVG) centered or left-aligned, 17x48px viewport
- Mobile: collapses to hamburger with full-screen overlay menu
- The nav floats above content, maintaining its dark translucent glass
  regardless of section background

### Image Treatment

- Products on solid-color fields (black or white) — no backgrounds, no context,
  just the object
- Full-bleed section images that span the entire viewport width
- Product photography at extremely high resolution with subtle shadows
- Lifestyle images confined to rounded-corner containers (12px+ radius)

### Distinctive Components

**Product Hero Module**

- Full-viewport-width section with solid background (black or `#f5f5f7`)
- Product name as the primary headline (SF Pro Display, 56px, weight 600)
- One-line descriptor below in lighter weight
- Two pill CTAs side by side: "Learn more" (outline) and "Buy" / "Shop" (filled)

**Product Grid Tile**

- Square or near-square card on contrasting background
- Product image dominating 60-70% of the tile
- Product name + one-line description below
- "Learn more" and "Shop" link pair at bottom

**Feature Comparison Strip**

- Horizontal scroll of product variants
- Each variant as a vertical card with image, name, and key specs
- Minimal chrome — the products speak for themselves

## 5. Layout Principles

### Spacing System

- Base unit: 8px
- Scale: 2px, 4px, 5px, 6px, 7px, 8px, 9px, 10px, 11px, 14px, 15px, 17px, 20px,
  24px
- Notable characteristic: the scale is dense at small sizes (2-11px) with
  granular 1px increments, then jumps in larger steps. This allows precise
  micro-adjustments for typography and icon alignment.

### Grid & Container

- Max content width: approximately 980px (the recurring "980px radius" in pill
  buttons echoes this width)
- Hero: full-viewport-width sections with centered content block
- Product grids: 2-3 column layouts within centered container
- Single-column for hero moments — one product, one message, full attention
- No visible grid lines or gutters — spacing creates implied structure

### Whitespace Philosophy

- **Cinematic breathing room**: Each product section occupies a full viewport
  height (or close to it). The whitespace between products is not empty — it is
  the pause between scenes in a film.
- **Vertical rhythm through color blocks**: Rather than using spacing alone to
  separate sections, Apple uses alternating background colors (black, `#f5f5f7`,
  white). Each color change signals a new "scene."
- **Compression within, expansion between**: Text blocks are tightly set
  (negative letter-spacing, tight line-heights) while the space surrounding them
  is vast. This creates a tension between density and openness.

### Border Radius Scale

- Micro (5px): Small containers, link tags
- Standard (8px): Buttons, product cards, image containers
- Comfortable (11px): Search inputs, filter buttons
- Large (12px): Feature panels, lifestyle image containers
- Full Pill (980px): CTA links ("Learn more", "Shop"), navigation pills
- Circle (50%): Media controls (play/pause, arrows)

## 6. Depth & Elevation

| Level                 | Treatment                                                         | Use                                        |
| --------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| Flat (Level 0)        | No shadow, solid background                                       | Standard content sections, text blocks     |
| Navigation Glass      | `backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px)` on `rgba(0,0,0,0.8)` | Sticky navigation bar — the glass effect   |
| Subtle Lift (Level 1) | `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px`                            | Product cards, floating elements           |
| Media Control         | `rgba(210, 210, 215, 0.64)` background with scale transforms      | Play/pause buttons, carousel controls      |
| Focus (Accessibility) | `2px solid #0071e3` outline                                       | Keyboard focus on all interactive elements |

**Shadow Philosophy**: Apple uses shadow extremely sparingly. The primary shadow
(`3px 5px 30px` with 0.22 opacity) is soft, wide, and offset — mimicking a
diffused studio light casting a natural shadow beneath a physical object. This
reinforces the "product as physical sculpture" metaphor. Most elements have NO
shadow at all; elevation comes from background color contrast (dark card on
darker background, or light card on slightly different gray).

### Decorative Depth

- Navigation glass: the translucent, blurred navigation bar is the most
  recognizable depth element, creating a sense of floating UI above scrolling
  content
- Section color transitions: depth is implied by the alternation between black
  and light gray sections rather than by shadows
- Product photography shadows: the products themselves cast shadows in their
  photography, so the UI doesn't need to add synthetic ones

## 7. Do's and Don'ts

### Do

- Use SF Pro Display at 20px+ and SF Pro Text below 20px — respect the optical
  sizing boundary
- Apply negative letter-spacing at all text sizes (not just headlines) — Apple
  tracks tight universally
- Use Apple Blue (`#0071e3`) ONLY for interactive elements — it must be the
  singular accent
- Alternate between black and light gray (`#f5f5f7`) section backgrounds for
  cinematic rhythm
- Use 980px pill radius for CTA links — the signature Apple link shape
- Keep product imagery on solid-color fields with no competing visual elements
- Use the translucent dark glass (`rgba(0,0,0,0.8)` + blur) for sticky
  navigation
- Compress headline line-heights to 1.07-1.14 — Apple headlines are famously
  tight

### Don't

- Don't introduce additional accent colors — the entire chromatic budget is
  spent on blue
- Don't use heavy shadows or multiple shadow layers — Apple's shadow system is
  one soft diffused shadow or nothing
- Don't use borders on cards or containers — Apple almost never uses visible
  borders (except on specific buttons)
- Don't apply wide letter-spacing to SF Pro — it is designed to run tight at
  every size
- Don't use weight 800 or 900 — the maximum is 700 (bold), and even that is rare
- Don't add textures, patterns, or gradients to backgrounds — solid colors only
- Don't make the navigation opaque — the glass blur effect is essential to the
  Apple UI identity
- Don't center-align body text — Apple body copy is left-aligned; only headlines
  center
- Don't use rounded corners larger than 12px on rectangular elements (980px is
  for pills only)

## 8. Responsive Behavior

### Breakpoints

| Name          | Width       | Key Changes                        |
| ------------- | ----------- | ---------------------------------- |
| Small Mobile  | <360px      | Minimum supported, single column   |
| Mobile        | 360-480px   | Standard mobile layout             |
| Mobile Large  | 480-640px   | Wider single column, larger images |
| Tablet Small  | 640-834px   | 2-column product grids begin       |
| Tablet        | 834-1024px  | Full tablet layout, expanded nav   |
| Desktop Small | 1024-1070px | Standard desktop layout begins     |
| Desktop       | 1070-1440px | Full layout, max content width     |
| Large Desktop | >1440px     | Centered with generous margins     |

### Touch Targets

- Primary CTAs: 8px 15px padding creating ~44px touch height
- Navigation links: 48px height with adequate spacing
- Media controls: 50% radius circular buttons, minimum 44x44px
- "Learn more" pills: generous padding for comfortable tapping

### Collapsing Strategy

- Hero headlines: 56px Display → 40px → 28px on mobile, maintaining tight
  line-height proportionally
- Product grids: 3-column → 2-column → single column stacked
- Navigation: full horizontal nav → compact mobile menu (hamburger)
- Product hero modules: full-bleed maintained at all sizes, text scales down
- Section backgrounds: maintain full-width color blocks at all breakpoints — the
  cinematic rhythm never breaks
- Image sizing: products scale proportionally, never crop — the product
  silhouette is sacred

### Image Behavior

- Product photography maintains aspect ratio at all breakpoints
- Hero product images scale down but stay centered
- Full-bleed section backgrounds persist at every size
- Lifestyle images may crop on mobile but maintain their rounded corners
- Lazy loading for below-fold product images

## 9. Agent Prompt Guide

### Quick Color Reference

- Primary CTA: Apple Blue (`#0071e3`)
- Page background (light): `#f5f5f7`
- Page background (dark): `#000000`
- Heading text (light): `#1d1d1f`
- Heading text (dark): `#ffffff`
- Body text: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8)` on light, `#ffffff` on dark
- Link (light bg): `#0066cc`
- Link (dark bg): `#2997ff`
- Focus ring: `#0071e3`
- Card shadow: `rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22) 3px 5px 30px 0px`

### Example Component Prompts

- "Create a hero section on black background. Headline at 56px SF Pro Display
  weight 600, line-height 1.07, letter-spacing -0.28px, color white. One-line
  subtitle at 21px SF Pro Display weight 400, line-height 1.19, color white. Two
  pill CTAs: 'Learn more' (transparent bg, white text, 1px solid white border,
  980px radius) and 'Buy' (Apple Blue #0071e3 bg, white text, 8px radius, 8px
  15px padding)."
- "Design a product card: #f5f5f7 background, 8px border-radius, no border, no
  shadow. Product image top 60% of card on solid background. Title at 28px SF
  Pro Display weight 400, letter-spacing 0.196px, line-height 1.14. Description
  at 14px SF Pro Text weight 400, color rgba(0,0,0,0.8). 'Learn more' and 'Shop'
  links in #0066cc at 14px."
- "Build the Apple navigation: sticky, 48px height, background rgba(0,0,0,0.8)
  with backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(20px). Links at 12px SF Pro Text
  weight 400, white text. Apple logo left, links centered, search and bag icons
  right."
- "Create an alternating section layout: first section black bg with white text
  and centered product image, second section #f5f5f7 bg with #1d1d1f text. Each
  section near full-viewport height with 56px headline and two pill CTAs below."
- "Design a 'Learn more' link: text #0066cc on light bg or #2997ff on dark bg,
  14px SF Pro Text, underline on hover. After the text, include a right-arrow
  chevron character (>). Wrap in a container with 980px border-radius for pill
  shape when used as a standalone CTA."

### Iteration Guide

1. Every interactive element gets Apple Blue (`#0071e3`) — no other accent
   colors
2. Section backgrounds alternate: black for immersive moments, `#f5f5f7` for
   informational moments
3. Typography optical sizing: SF Pro Display at 20px+, SF Pro Text below — never
   mix
4. Negative letter-spacing at all sizes: -0.28px at 56px, -0.374px at 17px,
   -0.224px at 14px, -0.12px at 12px
5. The navigation glass effect (translucent dark + blur) is non-negotiable — it
   defines the Apple web experience
6. Products always appear on solid color fields — never on gradients, textures,
   or lifestyle backgrounds in hero modules
7. Shadow is rare and always soft: `3px 5px 30px 0.22 opacity` or nothing at all
8. Pill CTAs use 980px radius — this creates the signature Apple
   rounded-rectangle-that-looks-like-a-capsule shape